There are two families of transcription factors that play pivotal roles during mammalian skeletal muscle differentiation. One of them includes MyoD family proteins (also called myogenic regulatory factors or MRFs), with four members Myf5, Myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD), Myogenin (MYOG), ...

FGF2 induces biological responses by binding to ...

Binding ...

The family of Protein kinase C (PKC) contains 3 functional protein types, 'conventional' PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and PKC-gamma that are activated by calcium and Diacylglycerol (DAG), 'novel' PKC-delta, PKC-epsilon, PKC-eta, and PKC-theta ...

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-proteins) are heterotrimeric signaling molecules composed of three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, which dissociate receptor-induced exchange on the alpha subunit and beta/gamma heterodimer subunit. The G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate diverse ...

TGF-beta 1 initiates ...

Adenosine A2B receptor influences cell differentiation and proliferation. A2B receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors coupling to classical second messenger pathways, such as modulation of Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-phosphate (cAMP) production or the Phospholipase ...

Notch homolog 1 translocation-associated (NOTCH1) is synthesized as NOTCH1 precursor, which is cleaved by Furin to NOTCH1 receptor form. NOTCH1 receptor is activated by Jagged [1]. O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase ...

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) activates Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-KB) via Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1(MAP3K1))-dependent inhibition of nuclear factor of kappa ...

Hepatocyte growth factor/Scatter factor (HGF) is a multifunctional growth factor which induces cell dissociation, migration, protection from apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation [1]. Receptor Met proto-oncogene (HGF receptor (Met)) has tyrosine-kinase ...