Efficient and coordinated synthesis of the second messengers, including Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), Diacylglycerol (DAG), and Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3), is necessary for normal cell functioning. Production of secondary messengers is regulated ...

Estradiol exerts an anti-apoptotic effect on a wide variety of tissues. Estradiol as classical steroid hormone diffuses through plasma membrane, activates ESR1 ...