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Protein Regulatory Pathways
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Transcription_CREB pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Extracellular stimuli elicit changes in gene expression in target cells by activating
intracellular protein kinase cascades that phosphorylate transcription factors within the
nucleus. One of the best characterized stimulus-induced transcription factors is cyclic
AMP (cAMP) responsive element binding ...
Development_HGF signaling pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Hepatocyte growth factor/Scatter factor (HGF) is a
multifunctional growth factor which induces cell dissociation, migration, protection from
apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation [1]. Receptor Met
proto-oncogene (HGF receptor (Met))
has tyrosine-kinase ...
Development_IGF-1 receptor signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
The insulin-like growth factor system (IGF system) comprises two receptors:
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1 receptor) and
IGF-IIR with their respective ligands: Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2
(IGF-1 and IGF-2) and six
high-affinity IGF binding proteins (IBP).
The ...
Development_Prolactin receptor signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the
pituitary gland and to a lesser extent by numerous extrapituitary tissues. This hormone
affects a great amount of physiological processes [1]. Numerous biological
functions have been attributed to this hormone's ...
Transcription_PPAR Pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR) are
ligand-inducible transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor
superfamily. The PPAR group consists of three types:
PPAR-alpha, PPAR-beta(delta)
and PPAR-gamma. They have some differences ...
Translation_Insulin regulation of translation [score: 1 (0%)]
Insulin plays an important role in the overall regulation
of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis (mRNA translation) is conventionally divided into
three stages: initiation, elongation and termination. Both initiation and elongation can
be controlled by Insulin.
Insulin ...
Regulation of lipid metabolism_Insulin signaling:generic cascades [score: 1 (0%)]
The binding of Insulin to the extracellular domain of the
Insulin receptor results in the activation of the tyrosine
kinase activity of the receptor. Following the autophosphorylation, the
Insulin receptor phosphorylates a number of intracellular
substrates to initiate a series ...
Development_Ligand-independent activation of ESR1 and ESR2 [score: 1 (0%)]
In addition to the conventional hormone-dependent regulation of activity of Estrogen
receptor alpha and beta (ESR1(nuclear) and
ESR2 respectively), there is a cross-talk between signal transduction
pathways and estrogen receptors [1]. Epidermal growth factor
(EGF), ...
Development_Activation of ERK by Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors [score: 1 (0%)]
Subtype alpha-1 adrenergic receptors consists of Alpha-1A adrenergic
receptor, Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor and
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor. They participate in many
physiological processes via different pathways. One of the best studied alpha-1
adrenergic receptors-stimulated ...
Transport_Clathrin-coated vesicle cycle [score: 1 (0%)]
Transport vesicles are classified according to the components of the protein coat that
surrounds them during their genesis and early life. One of the most common and probably
best-characterized classes of coated vesicle is that comprising three-layered
Clathrin-coated ...
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