Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR) are ligand-inducible transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The PPAR group consists of three types: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-beta(delta) and PPAR-gamma. They have some differences ...

Key enzymes involved in retinoid metabolisms are alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases that convert retinols to aldehydes and aldehydes to carboxylic acids, respectively. The first oxidation reaction is catalyzed by a large number of enzymes from the Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family), and by classic ...

Glutathione can be found in the cell in oxidized (Glutathione disulfide) and reduced (Glutathione) form. Reduced glutathione can be either directly formed from Glutathione disulfide as the result of activity of Glutathione reductase (GSHR) [1], ...

Toxicity of Naphthalene in cell culture and animal models has to do with metabolisation of this compound by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Deactivation of Naphthalene involves epoxidation followed by glutathione conjugation and mercapturic acid formation [1]. Naphthalene ...