The Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) plays a crucial role in immune and inflammatory responses through the regulation of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, chemokines, growth factors and inducible enzymes. Transcription factors ...

IL-2 signaling is mediated ...

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a T cell derived multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in the regulation of immune responses. IL-4 induces Th2 (T helper 2) differentiation, causes macrophage suppression, and stimulates B cell production of ...

Interferons (IFNs) are pleiotropic cytokines that mediate anti-viral responses, inhibit proliferation and participate in immune surveillance and tumor suppression by inducing the transcription of a number of IFN-stimulated genes. The IFN family ...

T cell receptors (TCR) play a key role in functioning of T cells and formation of the immunological synapse. It provides connection between T cell and the antigen-presenting ...

Complement components are designated either by numerals (C1-C9), letter symbols (e.g., Complement ...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by various types of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, such as T cells, B cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, ...

Notch homolog 1 translocation-associated (NOTCH1) is synthesized as NOTCH1 precursor, which is cleaved by Furin to NOTCH1 receptor form. NOTCH1 receptor is activated by Jagged [1]. O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase ...

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) activates Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-KB) via Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase ...

The cytokine Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an integral mediator of the innate immune system. Monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes constitutively ...