Retinoid receptors are asymmetrically oriented Retinoic acid receptor (RAR)/ Retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimers that bind to specific DNA sequences or Retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) in the promoters ...

Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the pituitary gland and to a lesser extent by numerous extrapituitary tissues. This hormone affects a great amount of physiological processes [1]. Numerous biological functions have ...

Insulin plays an important role in the overall regulation of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis (mRNA translation) is conventionally divided into three stages: ...

The binding of Insulin to the extracellular domain of the Insulin receptor results in the activation of the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor. Following ...

Androstenedione is a 19-carbon steroid hormone produced as an intermediate step in the biochemical pathway that produces the androgen Testosterone ...

Endogenous and exogenous estrogens undergo oxidative metabolism by hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450. Aromatic hydroxylation at either the C2 or C4 position is a major route of Estradiol metabolism in humans and other mammals, although there is less 4-hydroxylation ...

Endogenous and exogenous estrogens undergo oxidative metabolism by hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450. Aromatic hydroxylation at either the C2 or C4 position is a major route of Estrone ...