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Protein Regulatory Pathways
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Apoptosis and survival_Caspase cascade [score: 1 (0%)]
Caspases are the central components of the apoptotic response. The apoptotic caspases
are generally divided into two classes: the initiator caspases, which include
caspase-2, -8,
-9 and -10 and the effector
caspases, which include caspases-3,
-6 and -7. ...
Apoptosis and survival_FAS signaling cascades [score: 1 (0%)]
Death receptors such as FasR belong to a Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) superfamily of
receptors involved in proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.
FasR is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, but its
ligand FasL is expressed mainly in activated T lymphocytes
and natural ...
Apoptosis and survival_TNFR1 signaling pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) is a potent
cytokine produced by many cell types, including macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes,
keratinocytes and fibroblasts, in response to inflammation, infection, injury and other
environmental challenges. TNF-alpha elicits a particularly
broad ...
Proteolysis_Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Parkin is E3-ubiquitin-protein ligase that ubiquitinates
itself and specific substrate proteins playing a protective role by sequestering
misfolded proteins [1].
E3 ligases are part of the cellular machinery that tags proteins with ubiquitin,
thereby targeting ...
Cell adhesion_ECM remodeling [score: 1 (0%)]
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is involved in normal physiological processes,
such as embryonic development, reproduction, proliferation, cell motility and adhesion,
wound healing, angiogenesis, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and
metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) ...
Cell adhesion_Cell-matrix glycoconjugates [score: 1 (0%)]
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of several macromolecules bound together in a
complex network. This structure allows cells to adhere, migrate and interact.
Hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan, is a major component
of ECM. Hyaluronic acid-binding proteins such as hyaluronic
acid ...
Immune response_Antigen presentation by MHC class I [score: 1 (0%)]
Antigen processing and presentation is the process by
which antigen-presenting cells express antigen on their cell
surface in a form recognizable by lymphocytes.
Antigen processing includes protein fragmentation
(proteolysis), association of the fragments with MHC (major ...
Blood coagulation [score: 1 (0%)]
The haemostatic system maintains blood in a fluid state under normal conditions and
responds to vessel injury by the rapid formation of a clot consisting of platelets and
Fibrin. The traditional view of the regulation of blood coagulation is that the
initiation phase is triggered by an extrinsic ...
Regulation and function of Amyloid proteins [score: 1 (0%)]
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) was initially detected in
cells of the central nervous system and is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis
of Alzheimer's disease [1]. Since then, APP has
been found in peripheral organs where it plays a variety of ...
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