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Protein Regulatory Pathways
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Transcription_CREB pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Extracellular stimuli elicit changes in gene expression in target cells by activating
intracellular protein kinase cascades that phosphorylate transcription factors within the
nucleus. One of the best characterized stimulus-induced transcription factors is cyclic
AMP (cAMP) responsive element binding ...
Immune response_T cell receptor signaling pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
T cell receptors (TCR) play a key role in functioning of
T cells and formation of the immunological synapse. It provides connection between T cell
and the antigen-presenting cell (APC) [1]. TCRs are composed of
ligand-binding subunits, the alpha and beta chains, ...
Development_VEGF-family signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of ligands and receptors is
crucial for vascular development and neovascularization in physiological and pathological
processes in both embryos, and in adults [1].
VEGFs belong to a family of homodimeric glycoproteins ...
Development_Prolactin receptor signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the
pituitary gland and to a lesser extent by numerous extrapituitary tissues. This hormone
affects a great amount of physiological processes [1]. Numerous biological
functions have been attributed to this hormone's ...
Translation_Insulin regulation of translation [score: 1 (0%)]
Insulin plays an important role in the overall regulation
of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis (mRNA translation) is conventionally divided into
three stages: initiation, elongation and termination. Both initiation and elongation can
be controlled by Insulin.
Insulin ...
Regulation of lipid metabolism_Insulin signaling:generic cascades [score: 1 (0%)]
The binding of Insulin to the extracellular domain of the
Insulin receptor results in the activation of the tyrosine
kinase activity of the receptor. Following the autophosphorylation, the
Insulin receptor phosphorylates a number of intracellular
substrates to initiate a series ...
Development_EPO-induced MAPK pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Erythropoiesis is the main pathway of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell development
into mature end stage cells. Erythropoietin (Epo) is a major
lineage-specific hematopoietic growth factor required for survival, proliferation and
differentiation of committed erythroid progenitor cells [
Immune response_CD16 signaling in NK cells [score: 1 (0%)]
Natural killer (NK) cells mediate antibody-depend cellular cytotoxicity through the Fc
fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIa and receptor (CD16a) (Fc gamma RIII
alpha (CD16)) [1], [2]. The preferred ligands
for Fc gamma RIII alpha (CD16) ...
Development_Endothelin-1/EDNRA transactivation of EGFR [score: 1 (0%)]
Endothelin-1, a potent endothelium-derived
vasoconstrictor peptide, exerts a growth-promoting effect on vascular smooth muscle
cells, implicating its pathogenic role in vascular remodeling.
Endothelin-1 action is initiated by its binding to
Endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) ...
Development_Endothelin-1/EDNRA signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
Endothelin-1, a potent endothelium-derived
vasoconstrictor peptide, exerts a growth-promoting effect on vascular smooth muscle
cells, implicating its pathogenic role in vascular remodeling.
Endothelin-1 action is exerted by its binding to Endothelin
receptor type A (EDNRA) [
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