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Regulatory Processes
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Protein Regulatory Pathways
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Development_G-Proteins mediated regulation MAPK-ERK signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
Guanine nucleotide binding protein
(G-proteins) are heterotrimeric signaling molecules composed
of three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, which dissociate receptor-induced exchange on
the alpha subunit and beta/gamma heterodimer subunit. The G-protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) initiate diverse ...
Development_TGF-beta receptor signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling
controls diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation,
adhesion and migration [1], [2], [3].
TGF-beta 1 initiates ...
Immune response_IL-6 signaling pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced
by various types of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, such as T cells, B cells, monocytes,
fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, mesangial cells and several tumor cells.
IL-6 provokes a broad range of cellular and physiological
responses, ...
Translation _Regulation of EIF4F activity [score: 1 (0%)]
Protein biosynthesis is largely governed by a cohort of Eukaryotic translation
initiation factors (eIF) that mediate specific steps in the
initiation process. A rate-limiting step in translation
initiation involves formation of the eIF4F complex that
recruits ...
Translation _Regulation of EIF2 activity [score: 1 (0%)]
Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIF2) is a
G-protein that is composed of 3 non-identical subunits,
eIF2S1, eIF2S2
and eIF2S3, and catalyzes the first regulated
step of protein synthesis initiation, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40S
ribosomal ...
Signal transduction_JNK pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
The Mitogen-activated protein kinases 8-10
(JNK(MAPK8-10)) belong to a sub-group of evolutionarily
conserved mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activated primarily by cytokines,
growth factors and by exposure to environmental stress. JNK(MAPK8-10)
activity is regulated through ...
Cytoskeleton remodeling_Reverse signaling by ephrin B [score: 1 (0%)]
Ephrin receptors and Ephrins
are both membrane bound, and following their interaction and clustering, each can
transduce signals that regulate cell responses [1].
Ephrin receptors activate reverse signaling through their
Ephrin ligands ...
Development_HGF signaling pathway [score: 1 (0%)]
Hepatocyte growth factor/Scatter factor (HGF) is a
multifunctional growth factor which induces cell dissociation, migration, protection from
apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation [1]. Receptor Met
proto-oncogene (HGF receptor (Met))
has tyrosine-kinase ...
Development_IGF-1 receptor signaling [score: 1 (0%)]
The insulin-like growth factor system (IGF system) comprises two receptors:
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1 receptor) and
IGF-IIR with their respective ligands: Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2
(IGF-1 and IGF-2) and six
high-affinity IGF binding proteins (IBP).
The ...
Cytoskeleton remodeling_Role of PKA in cytoskeleton reorganisation [score: 1 (0%)]
A wide variety of soluble signaling mediators utilize the Protein
kinase cAMP-dependent (PKA) pathway to regulate cellular
processes including intermediary metabolism, ion channel conductivity, and transcription.
PKA plays a central role in cytoskeletal regulation and cell
migration. ...
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