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Process Validation for Viral Clearance
Types of Process Regularly Evaluated
  • Pasteurization
  • Dry heat
  • pH inactivation (e.g. pH 4.0)
  • Solvent/detergent inactivation (e.g. tri-n-butyl phosphate [TNBP]/Triton X-100)
  • Chemical inactivation (e.g. caprylic acid)
  • Ethanol precipitation (e.g. 40% ethanol precipitation)
  • Nano-filtration (e.g. dead end filtration and tangential flow filtration)
  • Affinity chromatography (e.g. Protein A)
  • Gel filtration chromatography
  • Ion exchange chromatography
  • Gamma-irradiation
  • Precipitation (e.g. ethylene glycol)
  • Lyophilization.
Although many of these processes are well-established techniques, the study design is tailored to meet individual requirements.
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