Food & Dietary Supplements
Microbiology |
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Food microbiology encompasses a wide range of study focused on discerning the interaction between microorganisms, food and consumers. Testing involves both traditional and more advanced rapid methods. Covance offers an extensive range of microbiology services including analysis using methods documented in the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) and United States Pharmacopeia (USP). In addition, new rapid methods such as the radioimmunoassay (RIA), enzyme immunoassay (EIA), molecular level detection and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are available for the quick screening of products for salmonella, listeria, and E. coli. Beyond the scope of conventional food safety testing, Covance can design and perform specialty projects that require microbiological analytical techniques such as analyzing for beneficial organisms as well as pathogens. For methods and references please click on the assay of interest below.
To view and order copies of Covance articles on microbiology please visit our Publications page.
Quantitative
Standard plate count (aerobic plate count)
Plating
Bacteriological Analytical Manual, Aerobic Plate Count (modified), 8th Edition, Chapter 3, Food and Drug Administration, AOAC International: Gaithersburg, MD (1998)
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, Colony Count Methods (modified), 3rd Edition, Chapter 4, American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C. (1992)
Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, Microbiological Count Methods (modified), 16th Edition, Chapter 6, American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C. (1992).
United States Pharmacopeia
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified)
Anaerobic plate count
Plating
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, Colony Count Methods, 3rd Edition, Chapter 4, American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C. (1992)
Yeast and mold count
Plating
Bacteriological Analytical Manual, Yeast, Molds, and Mycotoxins (modified), 8th Edition, Chapter 18, Food and Drug Administration, AOAC International: Gaithersburg, MD (1995)
United States Pharmacopeia
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified)
Coliform (violet-red-bile agar, group coliforms)
Plating
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 4, Association of Official Analytical Chemists (modified)
Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, 16th Edition, 1992, Chapter 7, American Public Health Association (modified)
Pathogens
Bacillus cereus
Most probable number
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 10. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC International), Gaithersburg, MD. (Modified)
Clostridium perfringens
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, Clostridium
perfringens, 3rd Edition, Chapter 37, American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C. (1992)
Coliform (MPN, group and fecal coliforms)
Plating
U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition Revision A, Chapter 4, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, (modified)
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 3rd Edition, 1992, Chapter 24, American Public Health Association, (modified)
Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, 16th Edition, 1992, Chapter 7, American Public Health Association, (modified)
Enterobacteriaceae
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 3rd Edition, 1992 American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C.
Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th edition, 1998, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD
E. coli
Plating
U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 4, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, (modified)
Biocontrol Systems Inc., 19805 North Creek Parkway, Bothell, WA 98011, Coli Complete, (modified)
United States Pharmacopeia
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified).
E. coli 0157:H7 Plating
Bacteriological Analytical Manual, Escherichia coli and the Coliform Bacteria,
8th Edition, Chapter 4, Food and Drug Administration, AOAC International: Gaithersburg, MD (1995).
Visual Immunoprecipitate Assay EHEC, BioControl Systems, Inc., Bellevue, WA (1997)
Listeria
FDA method
Bacteriological Analytical Manual, Listeria monocytogenes, 8th Edition, Chapter 10, Food and Drug Administration, AOAC International: Gaithersburg, MD (1995)
Rapid method
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 10. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC International), Gaithersburg, MD. (Modified)
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 3rd Edition, Chapter 38, American Public Health Association. Washington D.C. (1992)
Salmonella
BAM/FDA
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition Revision A, Chapter 5, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, (modified)
United States Pharmacopeia
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified)
Shigella
Plating
U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition Revision A, Chapter 6, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, (modified)
Staphylococcus aureus
Plating
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition Revision A, Chapter 12, Association of Official Analytical Chemists (modified)
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 3rd Edition, 1992, Chapter 33, American Public Health Association, (modified)
United States Pharmacopeia
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
USP
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified)
Psychrotrophs
Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, Psychrotrophic Microorganisms, 3rd Edition, Chapter 18, American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C. (1992).
Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, Tests for Groups of
Microorganisms-Pschrotophic Bacteria, 16th Edition, Chapter 8,American Public Health Association: Washington, D.C. (1992)
Yersinia
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1998, Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 8. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC International), Gaithersburg, MD. (Modified)
Microbial Toxins
Yeast and mold count
United States Pharmacopeia
The United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25, 2002. Microbial Limit Tests, parts 61 and 2021. United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD (Modified) |
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